Astronomy Practice Exam

The chromosphere is the correct answer, as it is a layer of the sun’s atmosphere that lies above the photosphere and below the corona. Its name, derived from the Greek word for "color," reflects its distinct reddish appearance during solar eclipses, when the photosphere is obscured. This layer is known for exhibiting significant temperature changes, which can range from approximately 4,500 K at the base to around 20,000 K higher up, contributing to a dynamic environment. The temperature variations in the chromosphere can lead to phenomena such as solar flares and spicules, which are rapid jets of gas that can extend into the corona. These processes are crucial for our understanding of solar activity and its effects on space weather. The core, being the innermost layer, is primarily where nuclear fusion occurs, producing immense energy but is not characterized by gaseous atmospheric layers or temperature variations like those found in the chromosphere. The photosphere is the visible surface of the sun and while it has a relatively consistent temperature, it doesn't exhibit the same dramatic temperature gradients as the chromosphere. The corona, the outermost layer, is incredibly hot but has a different composition and is further from the concept of fluctuating temperatures in the immediate